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Foundation
What prepositions do, how they drive case selection, and key anchor signals.
Movement + Accusative
Prepositions of movement with accusative patterns, endings refresh, and focused practice.
na + Accusative
Reaction, response, and orientation — čekati na, odgovarati na, misliti na, and more.
kroz + Accusative
Movement through space — tunnels, parks, crowds; kroz vs u with accusative.
uz & niz + Accusative
Along a line or edge (uz); down along a route or slope (niz).
po & za + Accusative
Fetch errands (po tebe, po mleko); za for recipient, goal, time, behind — and za hleb vs po hleb.
Genitive — overview
Full map: iz, od, sa, do, kod, oko, bez, zbog, između, ispred, iza, pored, osim — with guided exercises.
iz + Genitive
From inside a place — countries, cities, rooms, containers.
od + Genitive
From a person, source, or point — letters, gifts, distance, separation.
sa / s + Genitive
Off a surface or vehicle — plus contrast with instrumental „zajedno sa“.
do + Genitive
Up to a limit — as far as a place, until a time, extent.
kod + Genitive
At someone's place — visits, kod lekara, kod bake.
oko + Genitive
Around a table or topic; approximate numbers and times.
bez + Genitive
Without — missing ingredients, prerequisites, or company.
zbog + Genitive
Because of — reasons, causes, motivation.
između + Genitive
Between two landmarks — space, time, or choices.
ispred + Genitive
In front of — façades, entrances, audience.
iza + Genitive
Behind — concealment, rear side, iza rasporeda.
pored + Genitive
Beside — neighbors, shoreline, pored mene.
osim + Genitive
Except — excluding one from a group; osim + genitive.
Locative — Overview
Gde si? · Static location and topic — u, na, po, pri, o + locative.
u + Locative
Inside — cities, buildings, rooms; gde? not kuda?
na + Locative
On / at — surfaces, stations, terraces, projects.
po + Locative
Spread around — po sobi, po zidovima; not errands po + acc.
o + Locative
About a topic — o čemu? pričati, pisati, misliti, sanjati.
pri + Locative
Near / on one's person — pri sebi, pri kraju, pri moru.
Overview · Acc vs Loc
Same prep, two cases — 9 pairs for u, na, po.
u · Into vs inside
u sobu / u sobi — same room, motion vs location.
na · Onto vs on
na terasu / na terasi — same terrace, two cases.
po · Fetch vs spread
po tortu / po torti — errand vs all over.
Place quirks · u/na
Hvar, more, fakultet — which prep the place takes.
Mixed review
No new theory — lots of pairs and drills.
Overview · Dative preps
k/ka, prema, nasuprot, zahvaljujući — four jobs, one case.
k / ka · Toward
Toward a person or goal — vs into/onto (u/na).
prema · Toward & attitude
Toward (also k/ka) · attitude · according to.
nasuprot · Opposite
Facing a place · contrary to an opinion.
zahvaljujući · Thanks to
Cause of a good result — person, thing, situation.
Overview · Instrumental preps
sa/s, pod, nad, među — with vs from/off, location jobs.
sa / s · With
Companionship — vs sa + genitive (from/off).
pod · Under
Under a place · under pressure / conditions.
nad · Above / over
Above a place · figurative “over one’s head.”
među · Among
Among a group — vs između + genitive (between).
Review · Fluency map
No new theory — collisions + printable cheat sheet.