Lekcija 1 · Predlozi kretanja + Akuzativ

Movement frame · Okvir kretanja

Imagine you are moving. You are going into something, through something, toward something. Your body is in motion. The destination or path matters.

Zamisli da se krećeš: ideš u nešto, kroz nešto, ka nečemu. Telo je u pokretu. Bitni su destinacija i putanja.

In Serbian, this movement + direction frame consistently triggers the Accusative.

U srpskom ovaj okvir kretanja i smera dosledno aktivira akuzativ.

Main movement prepositions · Glavni predlozi kretanja
Preposition Meaning Example (SR · EN)
uinto (direction)Idem u grad.I’m going into the city.
naonto / to (direction)Idem na posao.I’m going to work.
krozthroughTrčim kroz park.I’m running through the park.
zabehind (movement) / forSakrila se za drvo.She hid behind a tree.
nizdown alongIdem niz ulicu.I’m walking down the street.
uzup alongPenjem se uz brdo.I’m climbing up the hill.
poaround / throughout (motion)Hodam po sobi.I’m walking around the room.

Notice · Napomena: u and na appear here with movement (Accusative). They appear again for location with a different case.

Accusative refresh · Obnova akuzativa
  • Direct object: Čitam knjigu. (I am reading a book.)
  • Movement and direction: Idem u grad. (I am going to the city.)
  • Duration of time: Čekam ceo dan. (I am waiting the whole day.)

Ključno pravilo: muški živi menja oblik, muški neživi ostaje isti. To je razlika po živosti i često pravi greške.

Singular endings · Jednina
Gender Nominative Accusative Example Nom. Example Acc.
Masculine inanimate- / consonantno changegradgrad
Masculine animate- / consonant-abratbrata
Feminine -a-a-uženaženu
Feminine consonant-consonantno changestvarstvar
Neuter -o-ono changeseloselo
Neuter -e-eno changemoremore
Plural + watch-out · Množina + upozorenje
Gender Nominative plural Accusative plural Example Nom. Example Acc.
Masculine inanimate-i-egradovigradove
Masculine animate-i-ebratovibratove
Feminine -a-e-eženežene
Feminine consonant-i-istvaristvari
Neuter -o-a-aselasela
Neuter -e-a-amoramora

The big watch-out

Idem u grad. — Accusative (going there) · I’m going to the city.
Živim u gradu. — Locative (already there) · I live in the city.
Exercise 1 · Gap fill (movement) · Part 1 of 2

Fill in the correct preposition. All sentences describe movement.

Dopuni tačnim predlogom. Sve rečenice opisuju kretanje.

Exercise 2 · Gap fill (movement) · Part 2 of 2

Same task as Exercise 1 — second batch of sentences (movement + accusative).

Isti zadatak kao u vežbi 1 — drugi skup rečenica (kretanje + akuzativ).

Završeno · Done
Lekcija 1 završena · Lesson 1 complete
0/5
Vežba 1 · Exercise 1
0/4
Vežba 2 · Exercise 2
0/9
Ukupno tačno · Total correct

Šta si naučio/la · What you learned

Predlozi u, na, kroz, za, niz, uz, po često signaliziraju kretanje i vode ka akuzativu
Akuzativ izražava i direktan objekat i smer kretanja
Muški živi menja oblik u akuzativu, muški neživi često ostaje isti
Najčešća greška: isti predlog, različit padež za kretanje vs lokaciju (u grad / u gradu)